Maltese

Historical Origins

The Maltese is one of the oldest breeds in the Mediterranean basin, with a lineage that traces back to ancient times. Often associated with the island of Malta, the breed was historically known as the 'Canis Melitaeus.' These dogs were prized by the aristocracy of ancient Greece, Rome, and Egypt, frequently appearing in literature and art. They were considered status symbols, often kept as lapdogs for noblewomen. Understanding the historical context is essential for breeders who follow the champion rules established by the FCI to preserve the breed's integrity.

Development and Evolution

Throughout the centuries, the Maltese has maintained its distinct appearance, characterized by its long, silky white coat. While the breed's exact ancestry remains a subject of debate among cynologists, it is widely accepted that they belong to the Bichon family. During the 19th century, the breed gained significant popularity in England, where selective breeding refined the standard we recognize today. The breed's temperament has remained remarkably consistent: affectionate, playful, and highly intelligent. Many enthusiasts participate in specialized official kennel clubs to ensure the preservation of the breed's unique characteristics and to share knowledge regarding health and welfare.

Modern Status

Today, the Maltese is a global favorite, celebrated for its elegance and spirited personality. Despite their delicate appearance, they are robust and energetic. Their coat requires meticulous grooming, which is a hallmark of the breed's maintenance. In the world of competitive dog exhibition portals, the Maltese is a perennial favorite, often winning top honors due to its graceful movement and impeccable presentation. Judges look for a compact body, a proud carriage, and a coat that flows like silk. The breed's adaptability makes it an excellent companion for various lifestyles, provided the owner is committed to the grooming and socialization requirements inherent to the breed.

Physical Specifications

• Height: Males 21-25 cm; Females 20-23 cm.
• Weight: 3-4 kg.
• Coat: Dense, lustrous, glossy, silky texture, long over the whole body.
• Color: Pure white; pale ivory is permitted but not preferred.
• Temperament: Lively, affectionate, very docile, and intelligent.

Breeding and Training

• Grooming: Daily brushing is mandatory to prevent matting.
• Training: Highly responsive to positive reinforcement; early socialization is vital.
• Naming: Owners often choose elegant pedigree names that reflect the breed's aristocratic heritage.
• Education: Professional training cynology schools can assist in managing the breed's occasional stubbornness.

• The Maltese was once known as the 'Ye Ancient Dogge of Malta.'
• They are considered hypoallergenic because they have hair rather than fur, producing less dander.
• Despite their small size, they were historically used as watchdogs due to their alertness.
• The breed has been featured in the works of many famous artists, including Titian and Goya.
• Maltese dogs do not have an undercoat, which makes them sensitive to extreme cold.